99mTc-thymine scintigraphy may be a promising method in the diagnosis of breast cancer

OBJECTIVE: Mammography has been established as the gold standard for the detection of breast cancer, and imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, scintigraphy and positron emission tomography may be useful to improve its sensitivity and specificity. The objective of this study with breast scintigraphy was to evaluate the uptake of 99mTc-thymine in mammary lesions. METHODS: A total of 45 patients were included in this study. Thirty-three patients (73%) were subjected to surgery or percutaneous biopsy, providing histopathological data. The other 12 patients who remained under surveillance received clinical examinations and biannual mammography with a normal follow-up of at least three years, the data from which were used for comparison with the scintimammography results. RESULTS: The majority of patients (64.4%) had clinically impalpable lesions with a mammogram diagnosis of microcalcifications, impalpable nodules, or focal asymmetry. Of the studied lesions, 87% were smaller or equal to 20 mm in diameter, and 22% had malignant histopathological findings. Scintigraphy with 99mTc-thymine had a sensitivity of 70%, a specificity of 85.7%, positive and negative predictive values of 58.3% and 90.9%, respectively, and an accuracy of 82.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study are consistent with those previously reported by other authors. The good specificity and high negative predictive value of this technique and the absence of uptake in the heart indicate that it may be a promising complementary method in clinical practice and that it may contribute to reducing unnecessary benign biopsies.

Novos métodos funcionais na avaliação de lesões mamárias / Novel functional methods in the evaluation of breast lesions

O câncer de mama é um dos mais prevalentes nas mulheres. A mamografia é um excelente método com impacto comprovado na redução da mortalidade pelo câncer de mama. Porém, não é um método perfeito, apresentando alguns pontos fracos, principalmente no rastreamento de mulheres com mamas densas, estadiamento e avaliação de tratamento. A ressonância magnética mamária mostrou a necessidade e importância da avaliação funcional mamária. Descrevemos dois métodos de avaliação funcional mamária e demonstramos nossa experiência com a mamografia digital com contraste e com a imagem molecular mamária realizada em gama-câmara específica. Estes dois métodos já estão disponíveis em nosso meio e apresentam resultados promissores na detecção de lesões mamográficas ocultas, confirmação de lesões suspeitas e redução de biópsias desnecessárias, podendo assim melhorar o estudo mamário, principalmente nos pontos falhos da mamografia.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women. Mammography is an excellent method with proven impact on breast cancer mortality reduction. Nevertheless, mammography is not a perfect method, with some weaknesses, especially in screening women with dense breasts, preoperative staging and treatment evaluation. Breast magnetic resonance imaging has shown the necessity and relevance of functional evaluation of breast lesions. The authors describe two methods of functional evaluation of breasts and describe their own experience with contrast-enhanced digital mammography and with breast-specific gamma imaging. Both methods are already available in our country and have shown promising results in the detection of mammographically occult lesions, confirmation of suspicious lesions and in the reduction of unnecessary biopsies and may supplement the weaknesses of mammography, particularly in the investigation of dense breasts.